Efectos de las fases del ciclo menstrual sobre la condición física, parámetros fisiológicos y psicológicos en mujeres jóvenes moderadamente entrenadas

Resumo

The menstrual cycle is the most important biological rhythm, that female athlete is exposed to a constantly shifting of endogenous sex steroid hormones. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of the phases of the menstrual cycle in physiological and psychological parameters and physical condition that might alter the performance in women. Thirty two moderately trained young women participated in the study and were evaluated during different phases of menstrual cycle (menstruation, follicular phase and luteal phase). The confirmation of ovulation was using a corporal temperature. Assessments of the amount of physical activity, quality of life, body composition, cardiorespiratory assessment in resting and exercise, fitness and psychological assessment were performed. Statistical analysis was done using 1-way ANOVA. The results showed a significant change in fatigue index and the anterior / posterior index with view in balance, being lower in the luteal phase; and the resting heart rate and aerobic threshold, with higher values during the luteal phase. The study concluded that the menstrual cycle of moderately trained women does not alter the amount of physical activity and quality of life, does not alter body composition, physical fitness, blood pressure, most cardiorespiratory parameters in maximum and submaximal effort and psychological variables. Only the luteal phase could affect physical performance, with an increase heart rate in resting and effort, and worse balance and fatigue index.