Utilización de la limitación de contactos en el entrenamiento en fútbol¿afecta a las demandas físicas y fisiológicas?

  1. Casamichana Gómez, David
  2. San Román Quintana, Jaime
  3. Calleja González, Julio
  4. Castellano Paulis, Julen
Revista:
RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-3137

Ano de publicación: 2013

Volume: 9

Número: 33

Páxinas: 208-221

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.5232/RICYDE2013.03301 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

Resumo

El objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar la influencia del número de contactos permitidos por posesión individual en las demandas físicas y fisiológicas durante situaciones de juegos reducidos (JR) de 6 vs. 6 + 2 comodines donde el objetivo fue mantener la posesión de balón, alterándose únicamente el número de contactos autorizados por posesión (1 contacto, 2 contactos y contactos libres). Catorce jugadores semiprofesionales de fútbol (edad: 23.1 ± 4.5 años; altura: 176.9 ± 3.3 cm; peso: 73.4 ± 5.2 kg) fueron monitorizados con dispositivos GPS a 10 Hz y bandas de frecuencia cardiaca. Se registraron las siguientes variables: frecuencia cardiaca media y máxima, distancia total recorrida, distancia recorrida en diferentes rangos de velocidad, player load, velocidad máxima, ratio trabajo:descanso y número de aceleraciones. Los resultados mostraron que la variable número de contactos afecta a las demandas fisiológicas y físicas. Específicamente, mayores valores cardiacos fueron observados durante los JR realizados a dos contactos máximo con respecto a contactos libres, mientras que un mayor número de aceleraciones de intensidad baja fueron estimadas para el formato de 2 contactos en comparación al contacto libre. No se observaron diferencias significativas para el resto de variables estudiadas. Estos resultados proporcionan información a los entrenadores para entender cómo la modificación de diferentes variables en los JR afecta a las demandas físicas y fisiológicas de los jugadores y, por tanto, atender a ellas para modular su intensidad en función de los objetivos de entrenamiento.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aroso, J.; Rebelo, N., & Gomes-Pereira, J. (2004). Physiological impact of selected game related exercises. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(6), 522.
  • Bangsbo, J.; Iaia, F. M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test: A Useful Tool for Evaluation of Physical Performance in Intermittent Sports. Sports Medicine, 38(1), 37-51.
  • Bangsbo, J.; Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2006). Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(7), 665-674.
  • Boyd, L. J.; Ball, K., & Aughey, R. J. (2011). The reliability of MinimaxX accelerometers for measuring physical activity in Australian football. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6(3), 311-321.
  • Brandes, M.; Heitmann, A., & Müller, L. (2011). Physical Responses of Different Small-Sided Game Formats in Elite Youth Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(5), 1353-1360.
  • Casamichana, D., & Castellano, J. (2010). Time-motion, heart rate, perceptual and motor behaviour demands in small-sides soccer games: Effects of pitch size. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(14), 1615-1623.
  • Casamichana, D.; Castellano, J., & Castagna, C. (2012). Comparing the physical demands of friendly matches and small-sided games in semiprofessional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(3), 837-843.
  • Casamichana, D.; Castellano, J.; González-Morán, A.; García-Cueto, H., y García-López, J. (2011). Demanda fisiológica en juegos reducidos de fútbol con diferente orientación del espacio. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 23(7), 141-154.
  • Castellano, J.; Casamichana, D.; Calleja-González, J.; San Román, J., & Ostojic, S. M. (2011). Reliability and accuracy of 10 Hz GPS devices for short-distance exercise. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 10, 233-234.
  • Chamari, K.; Hachana, Y.; Kaouech, F.; Jeddi, R.; Moussa-Chamari, I., & Wisloff, U. (2005). Endurance training and testing with the ball in young elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(1), 24-28.
  • Cunniffe, B.; Proctor, W.; Baker, J., & Davis, B. (2009). An evaluation of the physiological demands of elite rugby union using global positioning system tracking software. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(4), 1195-1203.
  • Dellal, A.; Chamari, K.; Owen, A. L.; Wong, D. P.; Lago-Peñas, C., & Hill-Haas, S. (2011). Influence of technical instructions on the physiological and physical demands of small-sided soccer games. European Journal of Sport Science, 11(5), 341-346.
  • Dellal, A.; Chamari, K.; Pintus, A.; Girard, O.; Cotte, T., & Keller, D. (2008). Heart rate responses during small-sided games and short intermittent running training in elite soccer players: a comparative study. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(5), 1449-1457.
  • Dellal, A.; Chamari, C.; Wong, D. P.; Ahmaidi, S.; Keller, D.; Barros, R.; Bisciotti, G. N., & Carling, C. (2011). Comparison of physical and technical performance in European professional soccer match play: FA Premier League and La Liga. European Journal of Sport Science, 11(1), 51-59.
  • Dellal, A.; Hill-Haas, S.; Lago-Peñas, C., & Chamari, K. (2011). Small-sided games in soccer: amateur vs. professional players' physiological responses, physical, and technical activities. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(9), 2371-2381.
  • Dellal, A.; Jannault, R.; López-Segovia, M., & Pialoux, V. (2011). Influence of the players numbers in the heart rate responses of youth soccer players within 2 vs. 2, 3 vs. 3 and 4 vs. 4 small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 28(2), 107-114.
  • Dellal, A.; Lago-Peñas, C.; Wong, D.P., & Chamari, K. (2011). Effect of the number of ball contact within bouts of 4 vs. 4 small-sided soccer games. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6(3), 322-333.
  • Dellal, A.; Wong, D. P.; Moalla, W., & Chamari, K. (2010). Physical and technical activity of soccer players in the French First League: With special reference to their playing position. International Sport Medicine Journal, 11(2), 278-290.
  • Di Salvo, V.; Baron, R.; Tschan, H.; Calderon-Montero, F.; Bachl, N., & Pigozzi, F. (2007). Performance characteristics according to playing position in elite soccer. International Journal Sports Medicine, 28(3), 222-227.
  • Di Salvo, W.; Gregson, W.; Atkinson, G.; Tordoff, P., & Drust, B. (2009). Analysis of high intensity activity in premier league soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(3), 205-212.
  • Drust, B.; Waterhouse, J.; Atkinson, G.; Edwards, B., & Reilly, T. (2005). Circadian rhythms in sports performance - an update. Chronobiology international, 22(1), 21-44, 2005.
  • Espósito, F.; Impellizzeri, F. M.; Margonato, V.; Vanni, R.; Pizzini, G., & Veicsteinas, A. (2004). Validity of heart rate as an indicator of aerobic demand during soccer activities in amateur soccer players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(1-2), 167-172.
  • Gabbet, T.; Jenkins, D., & Abernethy, B. (2010). Physiological and skill demands of 'onside'and 'off-side' games. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(11), 2979-2983.
  • Gabbet, T. J., & Mulvey, M. (2008). Time-Motion analysis of small sided training games and competition in elite women soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(2), 543-552.
  • Hill-Haas, S.; Coutts, A.; Dawson, B., & Rowsell, G. (2010). Time-motion characteristics and physiological responses of small-sided games in elite youth players: the influence of player number and rule changes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2149-2156.
  • Hill-Haas, S.; Coutts, A.; Rowsell, G., & Dawson, B. (2009). Generic versus small-sided game training in soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(3), 636-642.
  • Hill-Haas, S.; Dawson, B.; Coutts, A., & Rowsell, G. (2009). Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of various small-sided soccer games in youth players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(1), 1-8.
  • Hill-Haas, S.; Dawson, B.; Impellizzeri, F. M., & Coutts, A. (2011). Physiology of small sided games training in football. A systematic review. Sports Medicine 41(3), 199-200.
  • Hill-Haas, S.; Rowsell, G.; Dawson, B., & Coutts, A. (2009). Acute physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of two small-sided training regimens in youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(1), 111-115.
  • Impellizzeri, F.; Marcora, S. M.; Castagna, C.; Reilly, T.; Sassi, A.; Iaia, F., & Rampinini, E. (2006). Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(6), 483-492.
  • Köklü, Y.; Aşçi, A.; Koçak, F. U.; Alemdaroǧlu, U., & Dündar, U. (2011). Comparison of the physiological responses to different small-sided games in elite young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(6), 1522-1528.
  • Laukkanen, R., & Virtanen, P. (1998). Heart Rate Monitors: State of the Art. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(Suppl 1), 3-7.
  • Little, T., & Williams, G. (2007). Measures of exercise intensity during soccer training drills with professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2), 367-371.
  • Mallo, J., & Navarro, E. (2008). Physical load imposed on soccer players during smallsided training games. Journal of Sports and Physical Fitness, 48(2), 166-171.
  • Montgomery, P. G.; Pyne, D. B., & Minahan, C. L. (2010). The physical and physiological demands of basketball training and competition. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5(1), 75-86.
  • Rampinini, E.; Impellizzeri, F. M.; Castagna, C.; Abt, G.; Chamari, K.; Sassi, A., & Marcora, S. M. (2007). Factors influencing physiological responses to small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(6), 659-666.
  • Sampaio, J.; García, G.; Maçãs, V.; Ibáñez, S.; Abrantes, C., & Caixinha, P. (2007). Heart rate and perceptual responses to 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 small-sided youth soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6(Suppl.10), 121-122.
  • Sassi, R.; Reilly, T., & Impellizzeri, F. (2004). A comparison of small-sided games and interval training in elite professional soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(6), 562.
  • Varley, M. C.; Aughey, R. J., & Pedrana, A. (2011). Accelerations in football: Toward a better understanding of high intensity activity. En Book of abstract 7th World Congress on Science & Football & 9th Congress of Japanese Society of Science & Football (pp. 115). Nagoya, Japan.
  • Varley, M. C.; Fairweather, I. H., & Aughey, R. J. (2012). Validity and reliability of GPS for measuring instantaneous velocity during acceleration, deceleration, and constant motion. Journal of Sports Science, 30(2), 121-127.