Efectos de un programa de musicoterapia en una población con párkinson en la ciudad de Riobamba - Ecuador

Abstract

This research focuses on the effects of music therapy on people suffering from Parkinson's disease. Due to the symptoms that some people suffer at the beginning of this disease and in relation to the quality of life, the interference of the musical art can give adequate results. Parkinson's disease is progressive and with the use of pharmacological treatments we try to optimize the patient's condition. On the other hand, there is a multidisciplinary treatment in which experts in the field of music participate with a therapy criterion, using appropriate techniques to achieve an integral treatment, having as a goal the optimization of the patient's standard of living, as well as his family environment. With the application of the music therapy program based on rhythm, melody, instrumental interpretation, singing and guided listening, either in a group or individually, and with the application of active and passive techniques, some daily activities of the person suffering from this disease are strengthened. The objective of this work is to improve the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease through a program of music therapy, with special emphasis on motor and emotional functions. The methodology of this research involved the application of a music therapy program on a sample of people with Parkinson's disease. Twelve subjects participated, 6 women and 6 men over 60 years old, with inclusion criteria regarding residence in the sector or in the vicinity of the place of execution of the research, responsibility and availability of adaptation to the schedules, rhythms and general times of the research, participative and active will, patients under medical and pharmacological treatment, as well as those in the initial and middle levels I, II and III of the unified scale for Parkinson's disease. Exclusion criteria were based on the physical difficulty of moving to the therapies and non-attendance at least 50% of the time scheduled for the application of the music therapy program. In the results obtained with the application of the music therapy program, it could be appreciated that it only generated improvements in some of the variables studied, such as the analysis of walking, daily activity of the patient, ability to dress, motivation/initiative and in the presence and type of depression. More research of this type is needed to further study the possible benefits that music therapy programs can have on Parkinson's patients.