Análisis de la condición física en jugadores jóvenes de tenis y su relación con la velocidad de saque

  1. Elena Pardos Mainer 1
  2. Oliver Gonzalo Skok 1
  1. 1 Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, España
Revista:
Revista Internacional de Deportes Colectivos

ISSN: 1989-841X

Año de publicación: 2018

Número: 33

Páginas: 52-76

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Internacional de Deportes Colectivos

Resumen

Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron, analizar el perfil físico de jugadores y jugadoras jóvenes de tenis, observar si existían diferencias en la condición física en función del sexo, evaluar las posibles asociaciones entre las pruebas realizadas y analizar la relación de las pruebas realizadas con la velocidad de saque (VS). Veinticuatro jóvenes tenistas (12 hombres (GM) y 12 mujeres (GF)) participaron en el presente estudio. Los resultados mostraron resultados significativamente mejores en el GM en comparación con el GF en el test del salto horizontal unilateral (SHU) con la pierna derecha (tamaño de efecto: -1,21) y en el test de cambio de dirección (CD) ejecutado con la pierna derecha (tamaño de efecto: 0,58). Por otro lado, el análisis de regresión múltiple mostró que en el GM el test del balón medicinal fue el principal predictor de la VS, mientras que, en el GF, fue el test del SHU con la pierna izquierda. Por lo tanto, la fuerza de las extremidades superiores (chicos) y de las extremidades inferiores (chicas), parecen ser especialmente importantes para mejorar el rendimiento de la VS de jóvenes tenistas

Referencias bibliográficas

  • BAHAMONDE, RE. Changes in angular momentum during the tennis serve. En: Journal of Sports Sciences, Aug 2000, 18(8), p.p. 579-592.
  • BONATO, M., MAGGIONI MA. ROSSI, C., RAMPICHINI, S., LA TORRE, A. & MERATI, G. Relationship between anthropometric or functional characteristics and maximal serve velocity in professional tennis players. En: Journal of Sports and Medicine Physical Fitness, Oct 2015, 55(10), p.p. 1157-1165.
  • CHAOUACHI, A., BRUGHELLI, M., LEVIN, G., BOUDHINA, NB., CRONIN, J. & CHAMARI, K. Anthropometric, physiological and performance characteristics of elite team-handball players. En: Journal of Sport Sciences, 2009, 27 (2), p.p. 151-157.
  • COHEN, J. Statistical power analysis for behavioral sciences. New Jersey: Editorial Routledge, 1988.
  • CRONIN, JB. & K. T. HANSEN Strength and power predictors of sports speed. En: Journal of Strength and Conditional Research, May 2005, 19(2), p.p. 349- 357.
  • ESTON, R., ESTON RG. & REILLY, T. Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual: Anthropometry. Londres: Editorial Taylor & Francis, 2009.
  • FAFF, J., LADYGA, M. & STARCZEWKA-CZAPOWSKA, J. Physical fitness of the top Polish male and female tennis players aged from twelve years to the senior category. En: Biology of Sport, 2000, 17(3), p.p. 179-192.
  • FERNANDEZ, J., MENDEZ-VILLANUEVA, A. & PLUIM, BM. Intensity of tennis match play. En: British Journal of Sports Medicine, May 2006, 40(5), p.p. 387- 391.
  • FERNANDEZ-FERNANDEZ, J., ELLENBECKER, T., SANZ-RIVAS, D., ULBRICHT, A. & FERRAUTI, A.Effects of a 6-week junior tennis conditioning program on service velocity. En: Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2013, 12(2), p.p. 232-239.
  • FERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, J., MENDEZ-VILLANUEVA, A., PLUIM, BM. FERNÁNDEZ-GARCÍA, B., & TERRADOS CEPEDA, N. Aspectos físicos y fisiológicos del tenis de competición (I). Archivos de medicina del deporte: revista de la Federación Española de Medicina del Deporte y de la Confederación Iberoamericana de Medicina del Deporte., 2006, 116, p.p. 451- 454.
  • FERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, J., MENDEZ-VILLANUEVA, A. & SANZ-RIVAS, D. Fundamentos del Entrenamiento de la Condición Física para Jugadores de Tenis en Formación. Madrid: Editorial: Real Federación Española de Tenis (RFET), 2012.
  • FERNANDEZ-FERNANDEZ, J., SAEZ DE VILLARREAL, E., SANZ-RIVAS, D. & MOYA, M. The Effects of 8-Week Plyometric Training on Physical Performance in Young Tennis Players. En: Pediatric Exercise Science, Feb 2016, 28(1), p.p. 77-86.
  • FERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, J. & SANZ-RIVAS, D. Los efectos de un entrenamiento combinado de fuerza explosiva y sprints repetidos sobre el rendimiento en tenis en el periodo competitivo. En: E-coach: Revista de la Real Federación Española de Tenis, 2013, 16, p.p. 17-24.
  • FLEISIG, G., NICHOLLS, R., ELLIOTT, B. & ESCAMILLA, R. Kinematics used by world class tennis players to produce high-velocity serves. En: Sports Biomechanic, Jan 2003, 2(1), p.p. 51-64.
  • GIRARD, O., CHEVALIER, R., LEVEQUE, F., MICALLEF, JP., & MILLET, GP. Specific incremental field test for aerobic fitness in tennis. En: British Journal of Sports Medicine, Sep 2006, 40(9), p.p. 791-796.
  • GIRARD, O., MICALLEF, JP. & MILLET, GP. Lower-limb activity during the power serve in tennis: effects of performance level. En: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Jun 2005, 37(6), p.p. 1021-1029.
  • GIRARD, O. & MILLET, GP. Physical determinants of tennis performance in competitive teenage players. En: Journal of Strength and Conditional Research, Sep 2009, 23(6), p.p. 1867-1872.
  • GONZALO-SKOK, O., SERNA, J., RHEA, MR. & MARIN, PJ. Relationships between Functional Movement Tests and Performance Tests in Young Elite Male Basketball Players. En: International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, Oct 2015, 10(5), p.p. 628-638.
  • GROPPEL, JL. & ROETERT, EP. Applied physiology of tennis. En: Sports Medicine, Oct 1992, 14(4), p.p. 260-268.
  • HENRY, GJ., DAWSON, B., LAY, BS. & YOUNG, WB. Relationships Between Reactive Agility Movement Time and Unilateral Vertical, Horizontal, and Lateral Jumps. En: Journal of Strength and Conditional Research, Sep 2016, 30(9), p.p. 2514-2521.
  • HOPKINS, WG., MARSHALL, SW., BATTERHAM, AM. & HANIN, J. Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. En: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Jan 2009, 41(1), p.p. 3-13.
  • KOVACS, MS. Applied physiology of tennis performance. En: British Journal of Sports Medicine, May 2006, 40(5), p.p. 381-385.
  • KOVACS, MS. Tennis physiology: training the competitive athlete. En: Sports Medicine, 2007, 37(3), p.p. 189-198.
  • KOVACS, MS. AND ELLENBECKER, T. A Performance Evaluation of the Tennis Serve: Implications for Strength, Speed, Power, and Flexibility Training. En: Strength and Conditioning, 2011, 33, p.p. 22-30.
  • KOVACS, MS., ROETER, EP. & ELLENBECKER, T. Efficient deceleration: The forgotten factor in tennis-specific training. En: Journal of strength and Conditioning Research, 2008, 30, p.p. 58-69.
  • KRAMER, T., HUIJGEN, BC., ELFERINK-GEMSER. MT. & VISSCHER, C. A Longitudinal Study of Physical Fitness in Elite Junior Tennis Players. En: Pediatric Exercise Science, Nov 2016, 28(4), p.p. 553-564.
  • LEONE, M., COMTOIS, AS., TREMBLAY, F. & LÉGER. L. Specificity of running speed and agility in competitive junior tennis players. . En: Journal of Medicine and Science in Tennis, 2006, 11, p.p. 10-11.
  • LOS ARCOS, A., YANCI, J., MENDIGUCHIA, J., SALINERO, JJ., BRUGHELLI, M. & CASTAGNA, C. Short-term training effects of vertically and horizontally oriented exercises on neuromuscular performance in professional soccer
  • players. En: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, May 2014, 9(3), p.p. 480-488.
  • MENAYO, R., FUENTES, JP., MORENO, FJ., CLEMENTE, R. & GARCÍA CALVO, T. Relación entre la velocidad de la pelota y la precisión en el servicio plano en tenis en jugadores de perfeccionamiento. Motricidad. En: European Journal of Human Movement, 2008, 21, p.p. 16-30.
  • MUNIVRANA, G., FILIPCIC, A. AND FILIPCIC, T. Relationship of Speed, Agility, Neuromuscular Power, and Selected Anthropometrical Variables and Performance Results of Male and Female Junior Tennis Players. En: Collegium Antropologicum, Jul 2015, 39 Suppl 1, 109-116.
  • MURPHY, AP., R. DUFFIELD, A. KELLETT & REID, M. The relationship of training load to physical-capacity changes during international tours in highperformance junior tennis players. En: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Mar 2015, 10(2), p.p. 253-260.
  • O'DONOGHUE, P. & BALLANTYNE, A. The impact of speed of service in Grand Slam singles tennis. In Proceedings of the Science and Racket Sports III: The Proceedings of the Eighth International Table Tennis Federation Sports Science Congress and The Third World Congress of Science and Racket Sports .2004.
  • PARDOS-MAINER, E., USTERO-PÉREZ, O. & GONZALO-SKOK, O. Efectos de un entrenamiento pliométrico en extremidades superiores e inferiores en el rendimiento físico en jóvenes tenistas. En: RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 2017, 13, p.p. 225-243.
  • PAUOLE, K., MADOLE, K., & GARHAMMER, J. Reliability and validity of the Ttest as a measure of agility, leg power, and leg speed in college-aged men and women. En: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2000, 14(4), 443- 450.
  • PEREIRA, A., COSTA, AM., SANTOS, P., FIGUEIREDO, T., & JOAO, PV. Training strategy of explosive strength in young female volleyball players. En: Medicina (Kaunas), 2015, 51(2), p.p. 126-131.
  • PRATT, M. Strength, Flexibility, and Maturity in Adolescent Athletes. En: American Journal of Diseases of Children, 1989, 143, p.p. 560-563.
  • RAEDER, C., FERNANDEZ-FERNANDEZ, J. & FERRAUTI, A. Effects of Six Weeks of Medicine Ball Training on Throwing Velocity, Throwing Precision, and Isokinetic Strength of Shoulder Rotators in Female Handball Players. En: Journal of Strength and Conditional Research, Jul 2015, 29(7), p.p. 1904-1914.
  • REID, M., DUFFIELD, R., DAWSON, B., BAKER, J., & CRESPO, M. Quantification of the physiological and performance characteristics of on-court tennis drills. En: British Journal of Sports Medicine, Feb 2008, 42(2), p.p. 146- 151.
  • REID, M. & SCHNEIKER, K. Strength and conditioning in tennis: current research and practice. En: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, Jun 2008, 11(3), p.p. 248-256.
  • ROETER, EP., BROWN, SW., PIORKOWSKI, PA. & WOODS, RB. Performance Profiles of Nationally Ranked Junior Tennis Players. En: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 1996, 6 p.p. 225-231.
  • ROSCH, D., HODGSON, R., PETERSON, TL., GRAF-BAUMANN, T. JUNGE, A., CHOMIAK, J. & DVORAK, J. Assessment and evaluation of football performance. En: American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2000, 28, p.p. 29-39.
  • SHEPPARD, JM. & YOUNG, WB. Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. En: Journal of Sports Science, Sep 2006, 24(9), p.p. 919- 932.
  • STODDEN, DF., GAO, Z., GOODWAY, JD. & LANGENDORFER, SJ. Dynamic relationships between motor skill competence and health-related fitness in youth. En: Pediatric Exercise Science, Aug 2014, 26(3), p.p. 231-241.
  • THOMAS, K., FRENCH, D. & HAYES, PR. The effect of two plyometric training techniques on muscular power and agility in youth soccer players. En: Journal of Strength and Conditional Research, Jan 2009, 23(1), p.p. 332-335.
  • ULBRICHT, A., FERNANDEZ-FERNANDEZ, J., MENDEZ-VILLANUEVA, A. & FERRAUTI, A. Impact of Fitness Characteristics on Tennis Performance in Elite Junior Tennis Players. En: Journal of Strength and Conditional Research, Apr 2016, 30(4), p.p. 989-998.
  • ULBRICHT, A., FERRAUTI, A. & FERNÁNDEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, J. Conception for fitness testing and individualized training programs in the German Tennis Federation. En: Sports Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2013, 29(3), p.p. 180- 192.
  • VESCOVI, JD. & MCGUIGAN, MR. Relationships between sprinting, agility, and jump ability in female athletes. En: Journal of Sports Science, Jan 1 2008, 26(1), p.p. 97-107.
  • WICKS, LJ., TELFORD, RM., CUNNINGHAM, RB., SEMPLE, SJ., & TELFORD, RD. Longitudinal patterns of change in eye-hand coordination in children aged 8-16 years. En: Human Movement Science, Oct 2015, 43, p.p. 61-66.
  • ZIV, G. & LIDOR, R. Vertical jump in female and male volleyball players: a review of observational and experimental studies. En: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, Aug 2010, 20(4), p.p. 556-567.