Análisis de las conductas técnicas y tácticas en judocas de alto rendimientoun estudio mixed methods

Abstract

The technical-tactical behaviors in professional judo play a decisive role in achieving optimal performance. These behaviors range from the precise execution of techniques, whether in standing or ground situations (immobilizations, strangles, and joint locks), to mastering gripping strategies and the ability to anticipate and effectively respond to opponent's movements. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the technical-tactical behaviors in high-performance judo, both in male and female categories, using the Mixed Methods paradigm. To do this, observational methodology was employed, with an emphasis on direct and indirect observation. Additionally, two analyses were conducted, one using polar coordinates and the other using decision tree technique. The sample consisted of 56 medalist judokas from the World Championships Senior 2019, held in Tokyo (Japan) from August 25 to 31, 2019, of which 28 were men and 28 were women. Three ad hoc observation instruments were developed: two for direct observation ("JUDOBSMASC OBSERVATION INSTRUMENT" and "JUDOBSFEM OBSERVATION INSTRUMENT") and one for indirect observation. After analyzing the data collected from the 56 judokas during 317 matches, with a total of 25,867 records, a complex interaction between the judokas' behaviors during matches was observed. Furthermore, the importance of mastering a wide range of techniques, using a grip that ensures control, along with a proactive attitude and an adaptive capacity to identify opportunities on the tatami and maximize the chances of success in each encounter, was highlighted, resulting in victories on the scoreboard.