Relaciones entre la composición corporal y las pruebas de velocidad, aceleración y cambios de dirección en estudiantes universitarios

  1. Toro-Román, V. 1
  2. Siquier-Coll, J. 1
  3. Bartolomé, I. 1
  4. Grijota, F.J. 1
  5. Maynar, M. 1
  6. Muñoz, D. 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Extremadura
    info

    Universidad de Extremadura

    Badajoz, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0174shg90

Zeitschrift:
Journal of sport and health research

ISSN: 1989-6239

Datum der Publikation: 2021

Titel der Ausgabe: Enero-Abril

Ausgabe: 13

Nummer: 1

Art: Artikel

Andere Publikationen in: Journal of sport and health research

Zusammenfassung

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las relaciones entre composición corporal y pruebas de velocidad, aceleración y cambios de dirección en universitarios, así como las diferencias entre género. Ciento cincuenta y cinco estudiantes universitarios (hombres=121; mujeres=34; edad=20,56±1,23 años) participaron en el estudio. Se evaluó la composición corporal y el rendimiento en las pruebas de 10 metros, 50 metros y 5x10 metros. Se analizaron las diferencias entre género y las correlaciones existentes entre los parámetros de composición corporal y los tiempos en las distintas pruebas. Los resultados muestran mejores tiempos en las pruebas de velocidad en hombres, así como un mayor perímetro de cintura, porcentaje muscular, peso muscular, índice de masa corporal (IMC) e índice cintura- cadera (ICC) (p<0,05). Se observaron correlaciones positivas entre los tiempos de las pruebas evaluadas en el total de sujetos y en hombres (p<0,05), y no así en mujeres. En el grupo masculino, el peso total, peso graso y el porcentaje graso se relacionó directamente con el tiempo en todas las pruebas, por el contrario, el peso muscular y porcentaje muscular se relacionaron inversamente (p<0,05). En el género femenino, existió una correlación directa en la prueba de 50 metros con el peso graso, porcentaje graso, suma de pliegues y perímetro de la cadera (p<0,05). En conslusión, un mayor peso y porcentaje muscular permite un mejor rendimiento en las pruebas de 10 metros, 50 metros y 5x10 metros. Sin embargo, un mayor porcentaje y peso graso influye negativamente en el rendimiento de las pruebas anteriores. La composición corporal parece ser un parámetro importante de control para el rendimiento en pruebas de velocidad y cambios de dirección.

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